Increased risk of dental trauma in patients with allergic rhinitis: A nationwide population-based cohort study

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is associated with various developmental issues that affecting dentition. We aimed to determine whether AR is associated with an increased risk of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in Taiwanese individuals. We used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to conduct a nested case-control study. We compared an AR cohort with a matched cohort of patients without AR. New TDI cases were determined during our study period. To compare TDI risk between our study cohorts, we used Cox proportional regression analysis, and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to quantify the association between AR exposure and TDI risk. In total, 76749 patients with AR (31715 male; 45034 female) were identified. In the AR and the non-AR cohorts, 312 patients in total had TDI. Patients with AR had a significantly higher risk of TDI than those without AR (aHR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.459-2.525; P < 0.001). The risk of TDI was markedly higher in the AR cohort, except in the 3-12-year-old group, and with a CCI ≥ 1. AR patients had a future risk of TDI, indicating a potentially linked disease pathophysiology. The association between AR and TDI is greater among general patients. Clinicians and caregivers should be aware of potential TDI co-morbidity in patients with AR.